The parity-odd Intrinsic Bispectrum

TL;DR

This paper demonstrates that the three-point correlation function involving second-order B modes and first-order T/E modes in the CMB can serve as a detectable probe of non-linear evolution effects before recombination, revealing new insights into early universe physics.

Contribution

It introduces the first detailed analysis of the second-order B mode bispectrum from non-linear evolution, showing its detectability and potential to probe vector and tensor perturbations.

Findings

The bispectrum from non-linear evolution is detectable at 2.5 sigma with upcoming experiments.

Approximately half of the signal arises from non-linearly induced vector and tensor perturbations.

Detectability improves with lower noise levels and better delensing, even without primordial B modes.

Abstract

At linear order the only expected source of a curl-like, B mode, polarization pattern in the cosmic microwave background (CMB) is primordial gravitational waves. At second-order B modes are also produced from purely scalar, density, initial conditions. Unlike B modes from primordial gravitational waves, these B modes are expected to be non-Gaussian and not independent from the temperature and gradient-like polarization, E mode, CMB anisotropies. We find that the three point function between a second-order B mode and two first-order T/E modes is a powerful probe of second-order B modes and should be detectable by upcoming CMB experiments. We focus on the contribution to the three point function arising from non-linear evolution and scattering processes before the end of recombination as this provides new information on the universe at $z> 1000$. We find that this contribution can be separated from the other contributions and is measurable at $\sim 2.5 \sigma$ by CMB experiments with noise levels of $\sim 1 \mu$Karcmin and delensing efficiencies $\ge 90\%$, such as the proposed PICO satellite. We show that approximately half of the total signal arises from non-linearly induced vector and tensor metric perturbations, as evaluated in the Newtonian gauge. This bispectrum is a unique probe of these perturbations in the CMB, as their contribution to the power spectrum is suppressed. An important feature of this bispectrum is that the detectability will increase with decreasing experimental noise, in the absence of primordial B modes, provided that delensing efficiencies improve in parallel.