On Spherical Shock Wave focusing in Air -- a Computational Study

TL;DR

This computational study investigates spherical shock wave focusing in air, considering high-temperature effects and chemical reactions, revealing how initial conditions influence focusing and reaction rates.

Contribution

It introduces a detailed numerical simulation including chemical reactions and temperature effects, advancing understanding of shock focusing in air.

Findings

Higher shock strength increases temperature and pressure at focus.

Initial temperature has a greater impact on focusing than initial pressure.

Reaction rates escalate with increased shock strength.

Abstract

A detailed numerical study on the phenomenon of Shock Wave focusing in air is carried out. The focusing phenomenon is achieved with the help of a shock tube and a converging section attached to it. The planar shock generated inside the shock tube is converted to spherical shock with the help of the converging section and is focused to a point. High-temperature effects like temperature-dependent Cp variation and chemical reactions corresponding to dissociated air are included in the simulation. The chemical reactions including the dissociation, recombination and ionization of nine species of air including three ions (N2, O2, N, O, NO, Ar, NO+, O+ and Ar+) are monitored throughout the simulation. The effect of driven section filling conditions such as initial pressure and temperature on focusing parameters is studied. The variation in the initial fill temperature is found to affect the flow properties much more as compared to the change in initial fill pressure, while maintaining the same shock strength. The effect of incident shock strength on shock wave focusing is also investigated. It is observed that as the strength of the shock increases, the conditions like temperature and pressure at the focusing point increases and thereby increasing the reaction rate of all the reactions.