Bekenstein-Hod Universal Bound on Information Emission Rate Is Obeyed by LIGO-Virgo Binary Black Hole Remnants

TL;DR

This study tests the Bekenstein-Hod universal bound on information emission rate using LIGO-Virgo black hole merger data, confirming the bound's validity with 94% probability and supporting black hole thermodynamics theories.

Contribution

First empirical verification that astrophysical black hole remnants obey the Bekenstein-Hod universal bound on information emission rate.

Findings

Bound verified with 94% probability for observed black hole mergers.

Supports the universality of black hole thermodynamics laws.

Provides the first observational confirmation of the Bekenstein-Hod bound.

Abstract

Causality and the generalized laws of black hole thermodynamics imply a bound, known as the \textit{Bekenstein--Hod universal bound}, on the information emission rate of a perturbed system. Using a time-domain ringdown analysis, we investigate whether remnant black holes produced by the coalescences observed by Advanced LIGO and Advanced Virgo obey this bound. We find that the bound is verified by the astrophysical black hole population with $94\%$ probability, providing a first confirmation of the Bekenstein--Hod bound from black hole systems.