Role of the symmetry energy on the neutron-drip transition in accreting and nonaccreting neutron stars

TL;DR

This study investigates how the symmetry energy influences the neutron-drip transition in neutron stars, considering magnetic fields and accretion, revealing different behaviors in accreting versus nonaccreting stars and highlighting nuclear structure's importance.

Contribution

It provides a detailed analysis of the symmetry energy's impact on neutron-drip density and pressure, incorporating magnetic fields and accretion effects with recent nuclear models.

Findings

Neutron-drip density increases with symmetry energy slope L in nonaccreting stars.

In accreting stars, neutron-drip density decreases with L, depending on ash composition.

Nuclear structure details may outweigh symmetry energy effects in accreting neutron-star crusts.

Abstract

In this paper, we study the role of the symmetry energy on the neutron-drip transition in both nonaccreting and accreting neutron stars, allowing for the presence of a strong magnetic field as in magnetars. The density, pressure, and composition at the neutron-drip threshold are determined using the recent set of the Brussels-Montreal microscopic nuclear mass models, which mainly differ in their predictions for the value of the symmetry energy $J$ and its slope $L$ in infinite homogeneous nuclear matter at saturation. Although some correlations between on the one hand the neutron-drip density, the pressure, the proton fraction and on the other hand $J$ (or equivalently $L$) are found, these correlations are radically different in nonaccreting and accreting neutron stars. In particular, the neutron-drip density is found to increase with $L$ in the former case, but decreases in the latter case depending on the composition of ashes from x-ray bursts and superbursts. We have qualitatively explained these different behaviors using a simple mass formula. We have also shown that the details of the nuclear structure may play a more important role than the symmetry energy in accreting neutron-star crusts.