How to De-Reserves Reserves: Admissions to Technical Colleges in India

TL;DR

This paper introduces a novel mechanism, DA-BT, for implementing reservation and de-reservation policies in Indian technical college admissions, ensuring fairness and compliance with legal and policy requirements.

Contribution

It proposes the Backward Transfers choice rule and the DA-BT mechanism, providing a unique, axiomatic solution for reservation and de-reservation implementation.

Findings

DA-BT corrects shortcomings of existing mechanisms

DA-BT is the unique mechanism satisfying legal and policy axioms

Formal axioms characterize the mechanism's optimality

Abstract

We study joint implementation of reservation and de-reservation policies in India that has been enforcing a comprehensive affirmative action since 1950. The landmark judgement of the Supreme Court of India in 2008 mandated that whenever OBC category (with 27 percent reservation) has unfilled positions they must be reverted to general category applicants in admissions to public schools without specifying how to implement it. We disclose the drawbacks of recently reformed allocation procedure in admissions to technical colleges and offer a solution through de-reservation via choice rules. We propose a novel priority design, Backward Transfers (BT) choice rule, for institutions and the deferred acceptance mechanism under these rules (DA-BT) for centralized clearinghouses. We show that DA-BT corrects the shortcomings of existing mechanisms. By formulating the legal requirements and policy goals in India as formal axioms, we show that the DA-BT mechanism is the unique mechanism for concurrent implementation of reservation and de-reservation policies.