Cosmological Constraints on the Coupling Model from Observational Hubble Parameter and Baryon Acoustic Oscillation Measurements

TL;DR

This paper explores coupled dark energy models using observational Hubble and BAO data, showing they can predict an older universe and better explain high-redshift structure formation than the standard $\

Contribution

It introduces coupled dark energy models constrained by observational data, offering an alternative to $\

Findings

Coupled models predict a larger universe age than $\

Models fit observational data well, consistent with current measurements.

Potential for explaining high-redshift structures beyond $\

Abstract

In the paper, we consider two models in which dark energy is coupled with either dust matter or dark matter, and discuss the conditions that allow more time for structure formation to take place at high redshifts. These models are expected to have a larger age of the universe than that of $\Lambda$CDM [universe consists of cold dark matter (CDM) and dark energy (a cosmological constant, $\Lambda$)], so it can explain the formation of high redshift gravitationally bound systems which the $\Lambda$CDM model cannot interpret. We use the observational Hubble parameter data (OHD) and Hubble parameter obtained from cosmic chronometers method ($H(z)$) in combination with baryon acoustic oscillation (BAO) data to constrain these models. With the best-fitting parameters, we discuss how the age, the deceleration parameter, and the energy density parameters evolve in the new universes, and compare them with that of $\Lambda$CDM.