Double common envelope jets supernovae (CEJSNe) by triple-star systems

TL;DR

This paper introduces a novel supernova type involving a triple-star system where a neutron star binary merges inside a red supergiant, leading to a highly energetic, long-duration supernova-like event called double CEJSN.

Contribution

It proposes the concept of double CEJSN events involving a neutron star binary within a red supergiant, a scenario not previously explored in supernova models.

Findings

Estimated energy of jets ~10^{52} erg.

Event duration spans months to years.

Predicted detection rate of about one event per year.

Abstract

I propose a new type of common envelope jets supernova (CEJSN) events where instead of a single neutron star (NS; or a black hole; BH) a tight binary system of a NS and a main sequence star enters a common envelope evolution (CEE) with a red supergiant. The NS and the main sequence star of the tight binary system merge inside the red supergiant envelope and enter a CEE of their own. The NS accretes some mass through an accretion disk and launches jets that explodes the main sequence star. I estimate that the two jets that the NS launches at this phase carry an energy of ~10^{52} erg, about the same order of magnitude as the energy that the jets will carry when the NS or its BH remnant will enter the core in a later phase. For that, I term the entire event a double CEJSN. The outcome of the double CEJSN is a very long, months to years, and very energetic event, a total energy of ~10^{52} - 10^{53} erg, that will be observationally classified as a peculiar super-energetic event. I crudely estimate that new transient surveys should detect about one CEJSN event from a triple star system per year.