Role of elasto-inertial turbulence in viscoelastic drag-reducing turbulence

TL;DR

This paper investigates how elasto-inertial turbulence (EIT) influences viscoelastic drag reduction, showing that EIT appears early and interacts with inertial turbulence (IT), leading to the maximum drag reduction state in viscoelastic flows.

Contribution

It provides a quantitative analysis of the roles of IT and EIT in drag reduction, revealing EIT's early emergence and its dominance in the maximum drag reduction regime.

Findings

EIT appears before MDR and coexists with IT.

EIT replaces high-drag IT near the channel walls as elasticity increases.

MDR results from the interaction of IT and EIT dynamics.

Abstract

Two kinds of nonlinearities coexist in viscoelastic fluid flows, i.e., inertia and elasticity, which can engender different types of chaotic states including IT, DRT, ET and EIT. The state of MDR, the ultimate state of DRT induced by adding polymers to Newtonian IT, is recently regarded as EIT. This letter quantitatively demonstrates the role of IT and EIT in DRT via the contributions of RSS and the nonlinear part of ESS to flow drag. The nature of DRT is re-examined in a wide range of flow conditions covering a series of flow regimes from the onset of DR to MDR. We argue that EIT related dynamics appears in DRT long before settling to MDR regime and competitively coexists with IT in both spatial and temporal domain at moderate and high Re. More specifically, at low DR condition, EIT firstly emerges close to the channel walls. With the increase of elasticity, low-drag EIT gradually replaces high-drag IT from channel walls to center, resulting in a drastic decrease of flow drag comparing with IT. When EIT dynamics dominates the whole channel, MDR phenomenon is formed. Our findings provide evidences that DRT phenomenon is the result of IT and EIT interaction.