Few strongly interacting fermions of different mass driven in the vicinity of a critical point

TL;DR

This paper investigates the dynamical behavior of few strongly interacting, different-mass fermions near a critical point under finite-time external driving, revealing that their dynamics can be understood through a generalized Landau-Zener framework, enabling targeted state preparation.

Contribution

It introduces a novel analysis of the finite-time dynamics of multi-fermion systems near criticality, using spectral analysis and Landau-Zener theory to predict controllable state transitions.

Findings

Dynamics are mainly governed by lowest eigenstates.

The generalized Landau-Zener mechanism accurately describes the system.

Parameter tailoring allows targeted many-body state preparation.

Abstract

It was recently argued that one-dimensional systems of several strongly interacting fermions of different mass undergo critical transitions between different spatial orderings when the external confinement adiabatically changes its shape. In this work, we explore their dynamical properties when finite-time drivings are considered. By detailed analysis of many-body spectra, we show that the dynamics is typically guided only by the lowest eigenstates and may be well-understood in the language of the generalized Landau-Zener mechanism. In this way, we can capture precisely the dynamical response of the system to the external driving. As consequence, we show that by appropriate tailoring parameters of the driving one can target desired many-body state in a non-infinite time. Our theoretical predictions can be straightforwardly utilized in upcoming state-of-the-art experiments with ultracold atoms.