Ultracompact energy transfer in anapole-based metachains

TL;DR

This paper demonstrates an ultracompact, efficient, and lossless anapole-based metachain for electromagnetic energy transfer at mid-infrared wavelengths, enabling highly integrated photonic and energy devices beyond the diffraction limit.

Contribution

It introduces a novel anapole-based metachain that achieves ultracompact energy transfer without coupling loss, experimentally verified at mid-infrared wavelengths.

Findings

Achieves 1/13 wavelength energy confinement

Demonstrates lossless energy transfer with 0.32 dB bending loss

Provides near-field experimental evidence of anapole-based energy transfer

Abstract

Realization of electromagnetic energy confinement beyond the diffraction limit is of paramount importance for novel applications like nano-imaging, information processing, and energy harvest. Current approaches based on surface plasmon polaritons and photonic crystals are either intrinsically lossy or with low coupling efficiency. Herein, we successfully address these challenges by constructing an array of nonradiative anapoles that originate from the destructive far-field interference of electric and toroidal dipole modes. The proposed metachain can achieve ultracompact (1/13 of incident wavelength) and high-efficiency electromagnetic energy transfer without the coupler. We experimentally investigate the proposed metachain at mid-infrared and give the first near-field experimental evidence of anapole-based energy transfer, in which the spatial profile of anapole mode is also unambiguously identified at nanoscale. We further demonstrate the metachain is intrinsically lossless and scalable at infrared wavelengths, realizing a 90$^\circ$ bending loss down to 0.32 dB at the optical communication wavelength. The present scheme bridges the gap between the energy confinement and transfer of anapoles, and opens a new gate for more compactly integrated photonic and energy devices, which can operate in a broad spectral range.