Husimi lattice solutions and the coherent-anomaly-method analysis for hard-square lattice gases

TL;DR

This study uses Husimi lattice solutions and the coherent anomaly method to analyze phase transitions in 2NN lattice gases, confirming a continuous transition and estimating critical parameters consistent with previous findings.

Contribution

It provides a systematic mean-field approach on Husimi lattices for 2NN models and applies CAM to estimate critical exponents, offering new insights into the universality class of the transition.

Findings

Confirmed continuous transition in 2NN model on Husimi lattices.

Estimated critical chemical potential and density close to previous results.

CAM suggests critical exponents larger than those reported in numerical studies.

Abstract

Although lattice gases composed by $k$NN particles, forbidding up to their $k$th nearest neighbors of being occupied, have been widely investigated in literature, the location and the universality class of the fluid-columnar transition in the 2NN model on the square lattice is still a topic of debate. Here, we present grand-canonical solutions of this model on Husimi lattices built with diagonal square lattices, with $2L(L+1)$ sites, for $L \leqslant 7$. The systematic sequence of mean-field solutions confirms the existence of a continuous transition in this system and extrapolations of the critical chemical potential $\mu_{2,c}(L)$ and particle density $\rho_{2,c}(L)$ to $L \rightarrow \infty$ yield estimates of these quantities in close agreement with previous results for the 2NN model on the square lattice. To confirm the reliability of this approach we employ it also for the 1NN model, where very accurate estimates for the critical parameters $\mu_{1,c}$ and $\rho_{1,c}$ -- for the fluid-solid transition in this model on the square lattice -- are found from extrapolations of data for $L \leqslant 6$. The non-classical critical exponents for these transitions are investigated through the coherent anomaly method (CAM), which in the 1NN case yields $\beta$ and $\nu$ differing by at most 6\% from the expected Ising exponents. For the 2NN model, the CAM analysis is somewhat inconclusive, because the exponents sensibly depend on the value of $\mu_{2,c}$ used to calculate them. Notwithstanding, our results suggest that $\beta$ and $\nu$ are considerably larger than the Ashkin-Teller exponents reported in numerical studies of the 2NN system.