Laser Inter-Satellite Links in a Starlink Constellation

TL;DR

This paper classifies laser inter-satellite links in Starlink, analyzing how their range affects connectivity and highlighting the importance of temporary links for low-latency satellite networks.

Contribution

It provides a classification framework for LISLs and studies their dynamics within Starlink's constellation, emphasizing temporary links' role.

Findings

Varying LISL range impacts the number of established links.

Temporary LISLs are common between crossing orbital planes.

Temporary links are crucial for low-latency satellite communication.

Abstract

Laser inter-satellite links (LISLs) are envisioned between satellites in upcoming satellite constellations, such as Phase I of SpaceX's Starlink. Within a constellation, satellites can establish LISLs with other satellites in the same orbital plane or in different orbital planes. We present a classification of LISLs based on the location of satellites within a constellation and the duration of LISLs. Then, using satellite constellation for Phase I of Starlink, we study the effect of varying a satellite's LISL range on the number of different types of LISLs it can establish with other satellites. In addition to permanent LISLs, we observe a significant number of temporary LISLs between satellites in crossing orbital planes. Such LISLs can play a vital role in achieving low-latency paths within next-generation optical wireless satellite networks.