Oscillations of a quasi-one-dimensional dipolar supersolid

TL;DR

This paper investigates the oscillatory behavior of a quasi-one-dimensional dipolar supersolid, revealing two distinct oscillation frequencies linked to its superfluid and crystalline parts through numerical simulations.

Contribution

It introduces a theoretical model for analyzing supersolids considering atomic interactions and quantum fluctuations, and explores their dynamics under various trapping conditions.

Findings

Identification of two oscillation frequencies in supersolid dynamics

Demonstration of superfluid flow through the crystalline component

Numerical construction of supersolid ground states under different traps

Abstract

The properties of a supersolid state (SS) in quasi-one-dimensional dipolar Bose-Einstein condensate is studied, considering two possible mechanisms of realization - due to repulsive three-body atomic interactions and quantum fluctuations in the framework of the Lee-Huang-Yang (LHY) theory. The proposed theoretical model, based on minimization of the energy functional, allows evaluating the amplitude of the SS for an arbitrary set of parameters in the governing Gross-Pitaevskii equation (GPE). To explore the dynamics of the SS first, we numerically construct its ground state in different settings, including periodic boundary conditions, box-like trap and parabolic potential, then impose a perturbation. In oscillations of the perturbed supersolid we observe the key manifestation of SS, namely the free flow of the superfluid fraction through the crystalline component of the system. Two distinct oscillation frequencies of the supersolid associated with the superfluid fraction and crystalline components of the wave function are identified from numerical simulations of the GPE.