Determination of Fault Location in Transmission Lines with Image Processing and Artificial Neural Networks

TL;DR

This paper presents a method using image processing and artificial neural networks to accurately locate faults in transmission lines, improving protection system responsiveness and reliability.

Contribution

It introduces a novel approach combining image analysis of impedance diagrams with neural networks for fault localization in various grounding systems.

Findings

ANN outperforms SVM in fault location accuracy

Impedance diagram images effectively capture fault characteristics

The method achieves high precision in simulated environments

Abstract

In order to transmit electrical energy in a continuous and quality manner, it is necessary to control it from the point of production to the point of consumption. Therefore, protection of transmission and distribution lines is essential at every stage from production to consumption. The main function of the protection relays in electrical installations should be deactivated as soon as possible in the event of short circuits in the system. The most important part of the system is energy transmission lines and distance protection relays that protect these lines. An accurate error location technique is required to make fast and efficient work. Transformer neutral point grounding in transmission lines affects the operation of the zero component current during the single phase to ground short circuit failure of a power system. Considering the relationship between the grounding system and protection systems, an appropriate grounding choice should be made. Artificial neural network (ANN) has been used in order to accurately locate short circuit faults in different grounding systems in transmission lines. Compared with support vector machines (SVM) for testing inside ANN The transmission line model is made in the PSCAD-EMTDC simulation program. Data sets were created by recording the image of the impedance change of the R-X impedance diagram of the distance protection relay in short circuit faults created in different grounding systems. The related focal points in the images are given as an introduction to different ANN models using feature extraction and image processing techniques and the ANN model with the highest fault location estimation accuracy was chosen.