Magneto-rotational dissociation of heavy hadrons in Relativistic Heavy-Ion Collisions

TL;DR

This paper investigates how heavy hadrons dissociate in Quark-Gluon Plasma due to Lorentz and centrifugal forces, revealing charge-dependent dissociation probabilities influenced by vorticity and magnetic fields in relativistic heavy-ion collisions.

Contribution

It introduces a model for heavy hadron dissociation considering electromagnetic and rotational effects, highlighting the charge-dependent behavior in a relativistic plasma.

Findings

Negative charge hadrons have higher dissociation probability than positive ones.

Dissociation probability increases with vorticity for negative charges.

The effect is prominent at moderate collision energies with high plasma vorticity.

Abstract

A heavy hadron traversing Quark-Gluon Plasma and dragged along in rotational motion is subject to the Lorentz and centrifugal forces. The Lorentz force, sourced by the valence quarks of heavy-ions, possesses the electric and magnetic components in the hadron comoving frame. The electric component renders the hadron unstable by empowering one of its quarks to tunnel through the potential barrier. Assuming that the magnetic field is parallel to the plasma vorticity, the hadron dissociation probability is computed using the Imaginary Time Method and is found to strongly depend on the sign of the quark electric charge. The dissociation probability monotonically increases as a function of vorticity for negative electric charges, whereas for positive charges it exhibits a minimum at a finite value of vorticity. The dissociation probability for the negative charges is larger than for the positive ones at the same magnetic field and vorticity. In relativistic heavy-ion collisions this implies lower abundance of the negatively charged hadrons as compared to the positively charges ones. This effect is significant at moderate collision energies where the plasma vorticity is comparable or larger than the synchrotron frequency.