Cooper-Pair Condensates with Non-Classical Long-Range Order on Quantum Devices

TL;DR

This paper demonstrates Cooper pairing of qubits on a quantum computer to emulate superconducting states, confirming non-classical long-range order and advancing quantum simulations of complex quantum phenomena.

Contribution

It introduces a method to realize and verify Cooper-pair condensates with non-classical long-range order on quantum devices, a novel step in quantum simulation.

Findings

Successful creation of Cooper pairs on quantum hardware

Measurement of large eigenvalues indicating long-range order

Progress towards simulating superconductivity phenomena

Abstract

An important problem in quantum information is the practical demonstration of non-classical long-range order on quantum computers. One of the best known examples of a quantum system with non-classical long-range order is a superconductor. Here we achieve Cooper pairing of qubits on a quantum computer to represent superconducting or superfluid states. We rigorously confirm the quantum long-range order by measuring the large $O(N)$ eigenvalue of the two-electron reduced density matrix. The demonstration of maximal quantum long-range order is an important step towards more complex modeling of superconductivity and superfluidity as well as other phenomena with significant quantum long-range order on quantum computers.