A Survey on 360-Degree Video: Coding, Quality of Experience and Streaming

TL;DR

This survey reviews recent advances in 360-degree video streaming, covering coding, quality assessment, saliency prediction, and adaptive streaming, highlighting challenges and research directions in immersive VR content delivery.

Contribution

It provides a comprehensive overview of the latest research on all key components of immersive 360-degree video streaming systems, emphasizing their interplay and performance.

Findings

Advances in omnidirectional video coding and compression techniques.

Insights into subjective and objective QoE measurement factors.

Progress in saliency measurement, FoV prediction, and adaptive streaming methods.

Abstract

The commercialization of Virtual Reality (VR) headsets has made immersive and 360-degree video streaming the subject of intense interest in the industry and research communities. While the basic principles of video streaming are the same, immersive video presents a set of specific challenges that need to be addressed. In this survey, we present the latest developments in the relevant literature on four of the most important ones: (i) omnidirectional video coding and compression, (ii) subjective and objective Quality of Experience (QoE) and the factors that can affect it, (iii) saliency measurement and Field of View (FoV) prediction, and (iv) the adaptive streaming of immersive 360-degree videos. The final objective of the survey is to provide an overview of the research on all the elements of an immersive video streaming system, giving the reader an understanding of their interplay and performance.