Multiparty Mediated Quantum Secret Sharing Protocol

TL;DR

This paper introduces a multiparty quantum secret sharing protocol that enables restricted quantum users to securely share secrets with the help of a dishonest third-party, overcoming limitations of previous protocols and enhancing efficiency.

Contribution

It presents a novel MQSS protocol allowing restricted quantum users to share secrets without full quantum capabilities, reducing equipment needs and transmission distance.

Findings

The protocol resists collective, collusion, and Trojan horse attacks.

It is more efficient than existing semi-quantum protocols.

Qubits are transmitted over shorter distances.

Abstract

This study proposes a multiparty mediated quantum secret sharing (MQSS) protocol that allows n restricted quantum users to share a secret via the assistance of a dishonest third-party (TP) with full quantum capabilities. Under the premise that a restricted quantum user can only perform the Hadamard transformation and the Z-basis measurement, the proposed MQSS protocol has addressed two common challenges in the existing semi-quantum secret sharing protocols: (1) the dealer must have full quantum capability, and (2) the classical users must equip with the wavelength quantum filter and the photon number splitters (PNS) to detect the Trojan horse attacks. The security analysis has also delivered proof to show that the proposed MQSS protocol can avoid the collective attack, the collusion attack, and the Trojan horse attacks. In addition, the proposed MQSS protocol is more efficient than the existing SQSS protocols due to the restricted quantum users can only equip with two quantum operations, and the qubits are transmitted within a shorter distance.