Universality of excited three-body bound states in one dimension

TL;DR

This paper investigates the universal properties of excited three-body bound states in a one-dimensional heavy-heavy-light system, revealing consistent behaviors in energies and wave functions near zero binding energy.

Contribution

It demonstrates the universality of three-body bound states in one dimension when an excited heavy-light subsystem approaches zero binding energy.

Findings

Three-body energies show universal behavior across different excited states.

Wave functions exhibit similar structures indicating universality.

Results suggest potential applications in low-dimensional quantum systems.

Abstract

We study a heavy-heavy-light three-body system confined to one space dimension provided the binding energy of an excited state in the heavy-light subsystems approaches zero. The associated two-body system is characterized by (i) the structure of the weakly-bound excited heavy-light state and (ii) the presence of deeply-bound heavy-light states. The consequences of these aspects for the behavior of the three-body system are analyzed. We find strong indication for universal behavior of both three-body binding energies and wave functions for different weakly-bound excited states in the heavy-light subsystems.