Uncertainty Analysis for Material Measurements Using the Vector Network Analyzer
Nosherwan Shoaib, Marco Sellone, Luciano Brunetti, Luca Oberto

TL;DR
This paper evaluates the uncertainties in measuring the permittivity of nonmagnetic materials at microwave frequencies using a Vector Network Analyzer, focusing on the various factors influencing measurement accuracy.
Contribution
It provides a detailed analysis of the uncertainty sources in permittivity measurements using VNA, which is a novel comprehensive approach in this context.
Findings
Identified key uncertainty contributions affecting permittivity measurements.
Quantified the impact of different factors on measurement accuracy.
Enhanced understanding of measurement reliability at microwave frequencies.
Abstract
This paper presents the characterization measurements and related uncertainty evaluation of a nonmagnetic material using the Vector Network Analyzer (VNA) at microwave frequencies. The permittivity of the material under test is computed from the scattering parameters (S-parameters). The aim of the work is to highlight the different uncertainty contributions affecting the permittivity.
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