FIRST J153350.8+272729: the radio afterglow of a decades-old tidal disruption event

TL;DR

This paper reports the discovery of a fading radio transient likely caused by a tidal disruption event, filling a gap in radio TDE observations and suggesting new avenues for untargeted radio surveys.

Contribution

It presents the second radio-discovered TDE candidate, expanding understanding of TDE radio luminosities and properties in the local universe.

Findings

Radio transient faded by a factor of 400 over 33 years

Located near a galaxy with weak Seyfert activity

Fills luminosity gap between sub-relativistic and relativistic TDEs

Abstract

We present the discovery of the fading radio transient FIRST J153350.8+272729. The source had a maximum observed 5-GHz radio luminosity of $8\times10^{39}$ erg s$^{-1}$ in 1986, but by 2019 had faded by a factor of nearly 400. It is located 0.15 arcsec from the center of a galaxy (SDSS J153350.89+272729) at 147 Mpc, which shows weak Type II Seyfert activity. We show that a tidal disruption event (TDE) is the preferred scenario for FIRST J153350.8+272729, although it could plausibly be interpreted as the afterglow of a long-duration gamma-ray burst. This is only the second TDE candidate to be first discovered at radio wavelengths. Its luminosity fills a gap between the radio afterglows of sub-relativistic TDEs in the local universe, and relativistic TDEs at high redshifts. The unusual properties of FIRST J153350.8+272729 (ongoing nuclear activity in the host galaxy, high radio luminosity) motivate more extensive TDE searches in untargeted radio surveys.