Extended space and time correlations in strongly magnetized plasmas

TL;DR

This paper demonstrates through molecular dynamics simulations that strong magnetic fields extend the correlation scales in plasmas, affecting transport properties and posing challenges for experimental and simulation analysis.

Contribution

It reveals the channeling mechanism causing long-range correlations in magnetized plasmas and highlights the need for large simulation domains to accurately capture these effects.

Findings

Long-range correlations increase with magnetic field strength.

Large particle numbers are required to resolve correlations.

Diffusive regimes are delayed due to extended correlation times.

Abstract

Molecular dynamics simulations are used to show that strong magnetization significantly increases the space and time scales associated with interparticle correlations. The physical mechanism responsible is a channeling effect whereby particles are confined to move along narrow cylinders with a width characterized by the gyroradius and a length characterized by the collision mean free path. The predominant interaction is $180^\circ$ collisions at the ends of the collision cylinders, resulting in a long-range correlation parallel to the magnetic field. Its influence is demonstrated via the dependence of the velocity autocorrelation functions and self-diffusion coefficients on the domain size and run time in simulations of the one-component plasma. A very large number of particles, and therefore domain size, must be used to resolve the long-range correlations, suggesting that the number of charged particles in the collection must increase in order to constitute a plasma. Correspondingly, this effect significantly delays the time it takes to reach a diffusive regime, in which the mean square displacement of particles increases linearly in time. This result presents challenges for connecting measurements in non-neutral and ultracold neutral plasma experiments, as well as molecular dynamics simulations, with fluid transport properties due to their finite size.