Voronoi tilings, toric arrangements and degenerations of line bundles III

TL;DR

This paper introduces a new combinatorial and toric geometric framework to describe all stable limits of line bundles on degenerating curves, using Voronoi tilings and toric arrangements to parametrize these limits.

Contribution

It develops a novel approach linking Voronoi tilings, toric arrangements, and degenerations of line bundles, providing a comprehensive description of limit linear series on nodal curves.

Findings

Parametrization of all stable limits by a connected 0-dimensional substack.

Description of these limits as torus quotients of toric arrangements.

Establishment of a new framework for limit linear series using Voronoi tilings.

Abstract

We describe limits of line bundles on nodal curves in terms of toric arrangements associated to Voronoi tilings of Euclidean spaces. These tilings encode information on the relationship between the possibly infinitely many limits, and ultimately give rise to a new definition of limit linear series. This article and the first two that preceded it are the first in a series aimed to explore this new approach. In Part I, we set up the combinatorial framework and showed how graphs weighted with integer lengths associated to the edges provide tilings of Euclidean spaces by certain polytopes associated to the graph itself and to its subgraphs. In Part II, we described the arrangements of toric varieties associated to the tilings of Part I in several ways: using normal fans, as unions of orbits, by equations and as degenerations of tori. In the present Part III, we show how these combinatorial and toric frameworks allow us to describe all stable limits of a family of line bundles along a degenerating family of curves. Our main result asserts that the collection of all these limits is parametrized by a connected 0-dimensional closed substack of the Artin stack of all torsion-free rank-one sheaves on the limit curve. Moreover, we thoroughly describe this closed substack and all the closed substacks that arise in this way as certain torus quotients of the arrangements of toric varieties of Part II determined by the Voronoi tilings of Euclidean spaces studied in Part I.