Radiating-collapsing models satisfying Karmarkar condition

TL;DR

This paper develops exact models of radiating, collapsing stars with anisotropic heat flow that satisfy energy conditions and radiate uniformly, providing insights into stellar collapse dynamics.

Contribution

It introduces a new class of exact Einstein solutions for collapsing stars with heat conduction and anisotropy, satisfying all energy conditions.

Findings

Solutions satisfy all energy conditions

Luminosity remains time-independent during collapse

Models radiate uniformly throughout the collapse process

Abstract

This paper presents a class of exact spherical symmetric solutions of the Einstein equations admitting heat-conducting anisotropic fluid as a collapsing matter. The exterior spacetime is assumed to be the Vaidya metric. This class of solutions is shown to satisfy all the energy conditions throughout the interior of the star, and the luminosity is time independent, radiating uniformly throughout the collapse.