Analysis of Lower Hybrid Drift Waves in Kappa Distributions over Solar Atmosphere

TL;DR

This study investigates how Kappa distributions and loss cone features influence lower hybrid drift wave instabilities in the solar atmosphere, revealing their roles in wave growth, damping, and potential coronal heating.

Contribution

It provides new insights into the effects of Kappa distributions and loss cone features on drift wave instabilities across different solar conditions.

Findings

Growth rate of EM waves increases with Kappa index.

Loss cone features cause damping of EM waves.

Damping is more significant in large flare conditions.

Abstract

Kappa distributions and with loss cone features have been frequently observed with flares emissions with the signatures of Lower hybrid waves. We have analysed the plasma with Kappa distributions and with loss cone features for the drift wave instabilities in perpendicular propagation for Large flare and Normal flare and Coronal condition . While analysing the growth/damping rate, we understand that the growth of propagation of EM waves increases with kappa distribution index for all the three cases. In comparing the propagation large flare shows lesser growth in compared with the normal and the coronal plasmas. When added the loss cone features to Kappa distributions, we find that the damping of EM wave propagation takes place. The damping rate EM waves is increases with perpendicular temperature and loss cone index l, in all the three cases but damping is very high for large flare and then normal in comparision with coronal condition. This shows that the lower hybrid damping may be the source of coronal heating.