Charge exchange radiation diagnostic with gas jet target for measurement of plasma flow velocity in the linear magnetic trap

TL;DR

This paper presents a spectroscopic diagnostic method using charge exchange with a gas jet to measure plasma flow velocity and potential in a linear magnetic trap with high spatial and temporal resolution.

Contribution

The study introduces a novel optical diagnostic technique employing a hydrogen gas jet and Doppler shift analysis to measure plasma potential and flow velocity in linear magnetic confinement devices.

Findings

Achieved 4-8% accuracy in velocity measurements

Spatial resolution better than 5 mm in the middle plane

Operates effectively at a frame rate of approximately 1 kHz

Abstract

The ambipolar electrostatic potential rising along the magnetic field line from the grounded wall to the centre in the linear gas dynamic trap, rules the available suppression of axial heat and particle losses. In this paper, the visible range optical diagnostic is described using the Doppler shift of plasma emission lines for measurements of this accelerating potential drop. We used the room temperature hydrogen jet puffed directly on the line of sight as the charge exchange target for plasma ions moving in the expanding flux from the mirror towards the wall. Both bulk plasma protons and $He^{2+}$ ions velocity distribution functions can be spectroscopically studied; the latter population is produced via the neutral He tracer puff into the central cell plasma. This way, potential in the centre and in the mirror area can be measured simultaneously along with the ion temperature. A reasonable accuracy of $4\div8\%$ was achieved in observations with the frame rate of $\approx 1~kHz$. Active acquisitions on the gas jet also provide the spatial resolution better than 5~mm in the middle plane radial coordinate because of the strong compression of the object size when projected to the centre along the magnetic flux surface. The charge exchange radiation diagnostic operates with three emission lines: H-$\alpha$ 656.3~nm, He-I 667.8~nm and He-I 587.6~nm. Recorded spectra are shown in the paper and examples for physical dependences are presented. The considered experimental technique can be scaled to the upgraded multi-point diagnostic for the next generation linear traps and other magnetic confinement systems.