Transparent and flexible high-power supercapacitor based on carbon nanotube fibre aerogels

TL;DR

This paper presents a novel transparent, flexible supercapacitor using ultra-long carbon nanotube aerogels, achieving high power density, stability, and transparency, surpassing previous technologies by 1-3 orders of magnitude.

Contribution

The work introduces a new fabrication method for transparent supercapacitors with ultra-long CNTs, significantly enhancing performance and durability compared to prior art.

Findings

Record power density of 1370 kW/kg at 70% transmittance

Over 94% capacitance retention after 20,000 cycles

Maintains performance under repeated 180° flexural deformation

Abstract

In this work, we report on the fabrication of continuous transparent and flexible supercapacitors by depositing a CNT network onto a polymer electrolyte membrane directly from an aerogel of ultra-long CNTs produced floating in the gas phase. The supercapacitors combine record power density of $1370 kW kg^{-1}$ at high transmittance ($ca. 70%$), high electrochemical stability during extended cycling ($>94%$ capacitance retention over $20 000 cycles$) as well as against repeated $180{\deg}$ flexural deformation. They represent a significant enhancement of 1-3 orders of magnitude compared to the prior-art transparent supercapacitors based on graphene, CNTs, and rGO. These features mainly arise from the exceptionally long length of the CNTs, which makes the material behave as a bulk conductor instead of an aspect ratio-limited percolating network, even for electrodes with $>90%$ transparency. The electrical and capacitive figures-of-merit for the transparent conductor are $FoMe = 2.7$, and $FoMc = 0.46 F S^{-1} cm^{-2}$ respectively