Post-Newtonian properties of EMRI with Power Law Potential

TL;DR

This paper derives first post-Newtonian expressions for EMRI systems influenced by power law matter distributions, revealing significant differences in energy radiation and orbital frequency that could impact gravitational wave observations.

Contribution

It provides the first post-Newtonian analysis of EMRIs with power law potentials, extending beyond traditional Kepler-Newton models.

Findings

Energy radiation rate differs notably from Kepler-Newton predictions.

Orbital frequency is significantly affected by the power law potential.

Velocity profiles of test particles are altered in the presence of matter distribution.

Abstract

There are many astrophysical scenarios where extreme mass ratio inspiral (EMRI) binaries can be surrounded by matter distribution. The distribution of mass can affect the dynamical properties (e.g. orbital frequency, average energy radiation rate, etc.) of the EMRI. In this matter distribution, instead of Kepler-Newton potential, one may consider a more general form of potential i.e. power law potential. Moreover, due to the power law potential, the velocity profile of test particles does not fall as much as that predicted by Kepler-Newton potential and this feature of the velocity profile may be observationally important. In this study, we have obtained the first post-Newtonian (1PN) expressions for dynamical quantities and the average energy radiation rate from the circular orbit EMRI which is surrounded by a matter distribution. We show that the energy radiation rate and orbital frequency of EMRI can be significantly different in the presence of power law potential as compared to that in the Kepler-Newton potential, signatures of which may be observed in gravitational waves from EMRI.