Next-best-view Regression using a 3D Convolutional Neural Network

TL;DR

This paper introduces a novel data-driven 3D CNN approach to predict the next-best-view for complete 3D object reconstruction, outperforming existing methods in accuracy and speed.

Contribution

It is one of the first works to directly regress the next-best-view in continuous space using a 3D CNN for object reconstruction.

Findings

Predicted views closely match ground truth positions.

Coverage of up to 90% on unseen objects.

Achieves 3 frames per second in runtime.

Abstract

Automated three-dimensional (3D) object reconstruction is the task of building a geometric representation of a physical object by means of sensing its surface. Even though new single view reconstruction techniques can predict the surface, they lead to incomplete models, specially, for non commons objects such as antique objects or art sculptures. Therefore, to achieve the task's goals, it is essential to automatically determine the locations where the sensor will be placed so that the surface will be completely observed. This problem is known as the next-best-view problem. In this paper, we propose a data-driven approach to address the problem. The proposed approach trains a 3D convolutional neural network (3D CNN) with previous reconstructions in order to regress the \btxt{position of the} next-best-view. To the best of our knowledge, this is one of the first works that directly infers the next-best-view in a continuous space using a data-driven approach for the 3D object reconstruction task. We have validated the proposed approach making use of two groups of experiments. In the first group, several variants of the proposed architecture are analyzed. Predicted next-best-views were observed to be closely positioned to the ground truth. In the second group of experiments, the proposed approach is requested to reconstruct several unseen objects, namely, objects not considered by the 3D CNN during training nor validation. Coverage percentages of up to 90 \% were observed. With respect to current state-of-the-art methods, the proposed approach improves the performance of previous next-best-view classification approaches and it is quite fast in running time (3 frames per second), given that it does not compute the expensive ray tracing required by previous information metrics.