Ants-Review: a Protocol for Incentivized Open Peer-Reviews on Ethereum

TL;DR

Ants-Review introduces a blockchain-based system on Ethereum that incentivizes and gamifies open peer-review, aiming to improve quality, fairness, and recognition in scientific publishing.

Contribution

It presents a novel privacy-oriented smart contract protocol for incentivized, open, and anonymous peer-review with community evaluation and reputation building.

Findings

Design of a privacy-preserving smart contract protocol

Implementation of a bounty system for peer-review rewards

Community voting to promote ethical and high-quality reviews

Abstract

Peer-review is a necessary and essential quality control step for scientific publications but lacks proper incentives. Indeed, the process, which is very costly in terms of time and intellectual investment, not only is not remunerated by the journals but is also not openly recognized by the academic community as a relevant scientific output for a researcher. Therefore, scientific dissemination is affected in timeliness, quality, and fairness. Here, to solve this issue, we propose a blockchain-based incentive system that rewards scientists for peer-reviewing other scientists' work and that builds up trust and reputation. We designed a privacy-oriented protocol of smart contracts called Ants-Review that allows authors to issue a bounty for open anonymous peer-reviews on Ethereum. If requirements are met, peer-reviews will be accepted and paid by the approver proportionally to their assessed quality. To promote ethical behavior and inclusiveness the system implements a gamified mechanism that allows the whole community to evaluate the peer-reviews and vote for the best ones.