Fractal Dimension and Retinal Pathology: A Meta-analysis

TL;DR

This meta-analysis reviews 28 studies to evaluate whether retinal fractal dimension significantly differs between healthy individuals and those with retinal diseases, assessing its potential as a diagnostic biomarker.

Contribution

It systematically synthesizes existing research to clarify the clinical relevance of retinal fractal dimension in diagnosing retinal pathology.

Findings

Retinal fractal dimension tends to be lower in diseased eyes

Significant heterogeneity exists among studies

Potential for fractal dimension as a diagnostic indicator

Abstract

Due to the fractal nature of retinal blood vessels, the retinal fractal dimension is a natural parameter for researchers to explore and has garnered interest as a potential diagnostic tool. This review aims to summarize the current scientific evidence regarding the relationship between fractal dimension and retinal pathology and thus assess the clinical value of retinal fractal dimension. Following the PRISMA guidelines, a literature search for research articles was conducted in several internet databases (Embase, PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus). This led to a result of 28 studies included in the final review, which were analyzed via meta-analysis to determine whether the fractal dimension changes significantly in retinal disease versus normal individuals