Weak deflection angle by electrically and magnetically charged black holes from nonlinear electrodynamics

TL;DR

This paper investigates the weak deflection angle of light around electrically and magnetically charged black holes within nonlinear electrodynamics models, analyzing quantum corrections and plasma effects through geometric and geodesic methods.

Contribution

It introduces calculations of light deflection angles for specific NLED black holes, incorporating quantum corrections and plasma effects, and compares regular and singular black hole behaviors.

Findings

One-loop corrections increase the deflection angle for electrically charged black holes.

Regular magnetically charged black holes have smaller deflection angles than singular ones.

Plasma presence enhances the deflection angle depending on plasma parameters.

Abstract

Nonlinear electrodynamic (NLED) theories are well-motivated for their extensions to classical electrodynamics in the strong field regime, and have been extensively investigated in seeking for regular black hole solutions. In this paper, we focus on two spherically symmetric and static black hole solutions based on two types of NLED models: the Euler-Heisenberg NLED model and the Bronnikov NLED model, and calculate the weak deflection angle of light by these two black holes with the help of the Gauss-Bonnet theorem. We investigate the effects of the one-loop corrections to quantum electrodynamics on the deflection angle and analyse the behavior of the deflection angle by a regular magnetically charged black hole. It is found that the weak deflection angle of the electrically charged Einstein-Euler-Heisenberg black hole increases with the one-loop corrections and the regular magnetically charged black hole based on the Bronnikov NLED model has a smaller deflection angle than the singular one. Besides, we also calculate the deflection angle of light by the geodesic method for verification. In addition, we discuss the effects of a cold non-magnetized plasma on the deflection angle and find that the deflection angle increases with the plasma parameter.