Roadmap on quantum nanotechnologies

TL;DR

This paper reviews how nanotechnologies enable quantum phenomena exploration and applications, highlighting recent advances in materials, devices, and systems for quantum computing, sensing, and communication.

Contribution

It provides a comprehensive overview of the intersection of nanotechnology and quantum science, emphasizing recent developments and future prospects.

Findings

Nanostructured materials are used for quantum sensing and metrology.

Nanoscale devices serve as building blocks for quantum computing.

Nano- and opto-mechanical systems reveal unconventional quantum states.

Abstract

Quantum phenomena are typically observable at length and time scales smaller than those of our everyday experience, often involving individual particles or excitations. The past few decades have seen a revolution in the ability to structure matter at the nanoscale, and experiments at the single particle level have become commonplace. This has opened wide new avenues for exploring and harnessing quantum mechanical effects in condensed matter. These quantum phenomena, in turn, have the potential to revolutionize the way we communicate, compute and probe the nanoscale world. Here, we review developments in key areas of quantum research in light of the nanotechnologies that enable them, with a view to what the future holds. Materials and devices with nanoscale features are used for quantum metrology and sensing, as building blocks for quantum computing, and as sources and detectors for quantum communication. They enable explorations of quantum behaviour and unconventional states in nano- and opto-mechanical systems, low-dimensional systems, molecular devices, nano-plasmonics, quantum electrodynamics, scanning tunnelling microscopy, and more. This rapidly expanding intersection of nanotechnology and quantum science/technology is mutually beneficial to both fields, laying claim to some of the most exciting scientific leaps of the last decade, with more on the horizon.