Chains of interacting solitons

TL;DR

This paper reviews the formation and interaction mechanisms of multisoliton chains in non-integrable field theories, highlighting how classical solutions like Q-balls, Skyrmions, and monopoles can form stable chains through dynamic force balance.

Contribution

It provides a comprehensive overview of multisoliton chains, detailing interaction patterns and mechanisms in non-integrable theories, which was less explored before.

Findings

Chains of non-BPS solitons can form stable structures.

Interaction mechanisms include a balance of repulsive and attractive forces.

Different soliton types like Q-balls, Skyrmions, and monopoles are discussed.

Abstract

We present an overview of multisoliton chains arising in various non-integrable field theories, and discuss different mechanisms, which may lead to the occurrence of such axially-symmetric classical solutions. We explain the pattern of interactions between different solitons, in particular Q-balls, Skyrmions and monopoles and show how chains of interacting non-BPS solitons may form in a dynamic equilibrium between repulsive and attractive forces.