Dynamics of Many-Body Delocalization in the Time-dependent Hartree-Fock Approximation

TL;DR

This study uses a self-consistent time-dependent Hartree-Fock approximation to analyze many-body localization dynamics, revealing persistent ergodic behavior and subdiffusive transport in disordered systems, with faster decay in quasi-periodic models.

Contribution

It applies the TDHF approximation to large, long-time disordered systems, providing new insights into the long-time dynamics and transport properties near the MBL transition.

Findings

MBL is destroyed at long times within TDHF.

Disordered 1D systems exhibit subdiffusive power-law transport.

Quasi-periodic systems show faster, ballistic-like decay.

Abstract

We explore dynamics of disordered and quasi-periodic interacting lattice models using a self-consistent time-dependent Hartree-Fock (TDHF) approximation, accessing both large systems (up to $L = 400$ sites) and very long times (up to $t = 10^5$). We find that, in the $t \to \infty$ limit, the many-body localization (MBL) is always destroyed within the TDHF approximation. At the same time, this approximation provides important information on the long-time character of dynamics in the ergodic side of the MBL transition. Specifically, for one-dimensional (1D) disordered chains, we find slow power-law transport up to the longest times, supporting the rare-region (Griffiths) picture. The information on this subdiffusive dynamics is obtained by the analysis of three different observables - temporal decay $\sim t^{-\beta}$ of real-space and energy-space imbalances as well as domain wall melting - which all yield consistent results. For two-dimensional (2D) systems, the decay is faster than a power law, in consistency with theoretical predictions that $\beta$ grows as $\log t$ for the decay governed by rare regions. At longest times and moderately strong disorder, $\beta$ approaches the limiting value $\beta=1$ corresponding to 2D diffusion. In quasi-periodic (Aubry-Andr\'e) 1D systems, where rare regions are absent, we find considerably faster decay that reaches the ballistic value $\beta=1$, which provides further support to the Griffiths picture of the slow transport in random systems.