An Introduction to FRW Cosmology and dark energy models

TL;DR

This thesis explores Einstein's gravity, derivation of key cosmological equations, and the role of dark energy in cosmic acceleration and inflation, integrating theoretical models with observational data.

Contribution

It provides an overview of dark energy models and their implications for cosmological dynamics, linking theory with observational constraints.

Findings

Dark energy models can explain cosmic acceleration

Observational data supports the existence of dark energy

Dark energy dynamics may lead to cosmological inflation

Abstract

In this thesis we will focus on Einstein's interpretation of gravity. We will examine how the most famous equations in cosmology are derived from GR and also some results of cosmological significance. We will see how combining that with observational data forces us to consider some form of dark energy or vacuum energy. So we will conclude with some of the more well-known models for dark energy and examine how the dynamics of dark energy can lead us to the so-called cosmological inflation.