Gaia Early Data Release 3: The Galactic anticentre
Gaia Collaboration, T. Antoja, P. McMillan, G. Kordopatis, P. Ramos,, A. Helmi, E. Balbinot, T. Cantat-Gaudin, L. Chemin, F. Figueras, C. Jordi, S., Khanna, M. Romero-Gomez, G. Seabroke, A.G.A. Brown, A. Vallenari, T. Prusti,, J.H.J. de Bruijne, C. Babusiaux, M. Biermann

TL;DR
This paper utilizes Gaia EDR3 data to analyze the Milky Way's structure, revealing complex disc dynamics, kinematic substructures, and the properties of outer disc features and distant open clusters, enhancing our understanding of Galactic evolution.
Contribution
It provides the first detailed resolution of kinematic substructures in the outer disc and explores the complex dynamics and structures of the Milky Way using Gaia EDR3 data.
Findings
Discovery of vertical asymmetries and bimodality in disc star motions.
First resolution of kinematic substructures (diagonal ridges) in the outer disc.
Identification of density structures related to Monoceros, Anticentre Stream, and TriAnd.
Abstract
We aim to demonstrate the scientific potential of the Gaia Early Data Release 3 (EDR3) for the study of the Milky Way structure and evolution. We used astrometric positions, proper motions, parallaxes, and photometry from EDR3 to select different populations and components and to calculate the distances and velocities in the direction of the anticentre. We explore the disturbances of the current disc, the spatial and kinematical distributions of early accreted versus in-situ stars, the structures in the outer parts of the disc, and the orbits of open clusters Berkeley 29 and Saurer 1. We find that: i) the dynamics of the Galactic disc are very complex with vertical asymmetries, and new correlations, including a bimodality with disc stars with large angular momentum moving vertically upwards from below the plane, and disc stars with slightly lower angular momentum moving preferentially…
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