Interplanetary Challenges Encountered by the Crew During their Interplanetary Transit from Earth to Mars

TL;DR

This paper identifies and discusses the numerous interplanetary challenges faced by crewed missions from Earth to Mars, including technical, health, radiation, and communication issues, and suggests countermeasures for sustainable exploration.

Contribution

It comprehensively catalogs interplanetary transit challenges and proposes strategies to address them for future crewed Mars missions.

Findings

Challenges include trajectory correction, radiation hazards, crew health effects, communication disruptions, and fuel management.

Countermeasures are suggested for each identified challenge.

Highlights the importance of integrated solutions for sustainable Mars exploration.

Abstract

Mars is the next destination after Earth to support terrestrial life. Decades of Mars exploration has fascinated space explorers to endeavour for a human expedition. But human Mars enterprise is complicated than conventional mission as the journey is endowed with a profusion of distinct challenges from terrestrial planet to the planetary surface. To perceive and overcome the implications of interplanetary challenges, we conducted a study to manifest every challenge encountered during interplanetary transit from Earth to Mars. Our study concluded entire challenges were attributed to the options for trajectory correction and maneuvering, management of space vehicles, the hazards of exposure to galactic radiation, effects of crew health in a microgravity environment, deficit solar power production, hazards of nuclear elements, psychologic and health effects, interrupted communication interlink from the ground, the complication in fuel pressurization and management, recycling of space wastes, execution of the extra-vehicular activity, and Mars orbital insertion. The main objective of this paper is to underline all possible challenges and its countermeasures for a sustainable crewed mission beyond low earth orbit in forthcoming decades.