CryptoEmu: An Instruction Set Emulator for Computation Over Ciphers

TL;DR

CryptoEmu is a software instruction set emulator enabling efficient fully homomorphic encryption computations over encrypted data, supporting ARMv8 instructions and demonstrating significant performance improvements over existing libraries.

Contribution

It introduces a homomorphic instruction set emulator built on an open-source library, supporting ARMv8 instructions and parallel processing for reduced latency.

Findings

Significant speedup over HELib in homomorphic computations

Supports ARMv8 instruction subset for homomorphic evaluation

Demonstrates scalability on a 48-core workstation

Abstract

Fully homomorphic encryption (FHE) allows computations over encrypted data. This technique makes privacy-preserving cloud computing a reality. Users can send their encrypted sensitive data to a cloud server, get encrypted results returned and decrypt them, without worrying about data breaches. This project report presents a homomorphic instruction set emulator, CryptoEmu, that enables fully homomorphic computation over encrypted data. The software-based instruction set emulator is built upon an open-source, state-of-the-art homomorphic encryption library that supports gate-level homomorphic evaluation. The instruction set architecture supports multiple instructions that belong to the subset of ARMv8 instruction set architecture. The instruction set emulator utilizes parallel computing techniques to emulate every functional unit for minimum latency. This project report includes details on design considerations, instruction set emulator architecture, and datapath and control unit implementation. We evaluated and demonstrated the instruction set emulator's performance and scalability on a 48-core workstation. CryptoEmu has shown a significant speedup in homomorphic computation performance when compared with HELib, a state-of-the-art homomorphic encryption library.