Second-forbidden nonunique $\beta^-$ decays of $^{59,60}$Fe: Possible candidates for $g_A$ sensitive electron spectral-shape measurements

TL;DR

This paper theoretically investigates second-forbidden nonunique $eta^-$ decay spectral shapes of $^{59}$Fe and $^{60}$Fe using nuclear shell model calculations, aiming to extract the effective axial coupling $g_A$ through spectral shape analysis.

Contribution

It enhances the spectrum-shape method by constraining the vector matrix element with CVC, providing a new approach to determine $g_A$ in forbidden $eta$ decays.

Findings

Shell model accurately predicts nuclear spectra and electromagnetic properties.

Computed spectral shapes depend on $g_A$, enabling its extraction.

Constraining vector matrix element with CVC improves spectral shape analysis.

Abstract

In this work, we present a theoretical study of the electron spectral shapes for the second-forbidden nonunique $\beta^-$-decay transitions $^{59}\textrm{Fe}(3/2^-)\to\,^{59}\textrm{Co}(7/2^-)$ and $^{60}\textrm{Fe}(0^+)\to\,^{60}\textrm{Co}(2^+)$ in the framework of the nuclear shell model. We have computed the involved wave functions by carrying out a complete $0\hbar\omega$ calculation in the full $fp$ model space using the KB3G and GXPF1A effective interactions. When compared with the available data, these interactions predict the low-energy spectra and electromagnetic properties of the involved nuclei quite successfully. This success paves the way for the computations of the $\beta$-decay properties, and comparison with the available data. We have computed the electron spectral shapes of the mentioned decay transitions as functions of the value of the weak axial coupling $g_{\rm A}$. By comparing these computed shapes with the measured spectral shapes allows then to extract the effective value of $g_{\rm A}$ for these decay transitions. This procedure, coined the spectrum-shape method (SSM) in several earlier studies, complements the method of determining the value of $g_{\rm A}$ by reproducing the (partial) half-lives of decay transitions. Here we have enhanced the original SSM by constraining the value of the relativistic vector matrix element, $^V\mathcal{M}^{(0)}_{KK-11}$, using the conserved vector-current hypothesis (CVC) as a starting point. We hope that this finding would be a strong incentive to measure the spectral shapes in the future.