Perturbation impact of spectators on a cross-resonance gate in a tunable coupling superconducting circuit

TL;DR

This paper experimentally investigates how spectator qubits affect the fidelity of cross-resonance gates in superconducting circuits, revealing the importance of qubit interactions and optimal operation regimes for fault-tolerant quantum computing.

Contribution

It introduces a three-qubit Hamiltonian tomography protocol to evaluate spectator qubit perturbations on CR gate fidelity in superconducting circuits.

Findings

Spectator qubits reduce CR gate fidelity depending on ZZ interactions.

Target spectators have a more severe impact than control spectators.

Optimal CR operation regimes can be identified to mitigate spectator effects.

Abstract

Cross-resonance (CR) gate has emerged as a promising scheme for fault-tolerant quantum computation with fixed-frequency qubits. We experimentally implement entangling CR gate by using a microwave-only control in a tunable coupling superconducting circuit, where the tunable coupler provides extra degrees of freedom to verify optimal condition for constructing CR gate. By developing three-qubit CR Hamiltonian tomography protocol, we systematically investigate the dependency of gate fidelities on spurious qubit interactions and present the first experimental approach to the evaluation of the perturbation impact arising from spectator qubits. Our results reveal that the spectator qubits lead to reductions in CR gate fidelity dependent on ZZ interaction and particular frequency detunings between spectator and gate qubits, demonstrating a more serious impact from the target spectator than from the control spectator. Our experiments uncover optimal CR operation regime and provide insight into an improvement of the CR gate by suppression of unwanted qubit interactions.