A multi-band map of the natural night sky brightness including Gaia and Hipparcos integrated starlight
Eduard Masana, Josep Manel Carrasco, Salvador Bar\'a, Salvador J., Ribas

TL;DR
This paper introduces GAMBONS, a new model mapping natural night sky brightness using Gaia and Hipparcos star data, accounting for atmospheric effects and diffuse light sources, to better understand pristine sky conditions.
Contribution
GAMBONS is the first model to use Gaia star catalog data for mapping natural night sky brightness, including contributions from various astrophysical and atmospheric sources.
Findings
Maps of natural sky brightness in multiple photometric bands are produced.
The model accurately estimates brightness for different sky conditions.
It provides a tool for monitoring light pollution and pristine sky conditions.
Abstract
The natural night sky brightness is a relevant input for monitoring the light pollution evolution at observatory sites, by subtracting it from the overall sky brightness determined by direct measurements. It is also instrumental for assessing the expected darkness of the pristine night skies. The natural brightness of the night sky is determined by the sum of the spectral radiances coming from astrophysical sources, including zodiacal light, and the atmospheric airglow. The resulting radiance is modified by absorption and scattering before it reaches the observer. Therefore, the natural night sky brightness is a function of the location, time and atmospheric conditions. We present in this work GAMBONS (GAia Map of the Brightness Of the Natural Sky), a model to map the natural night brightness of the sky in cloudless and moonless nights. Unlike previous maps, GAMBONS is based on the…
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