Radio frequency mixing modules for superconducting qubit room temperature control systems

TL;DR

This paper presents compact RF mixing modules designed for superconducting qubit control systems, improving scalability and performance with integrated features and validated through quantum processor experiments.

Contribution

Developed and validated a compact, integrated RF mixing board for superconducting qubit control, enhancing scalability and performance in quantum computing systems.

Findings

Achieved ~27 dBc image rejection and ~50 dB channel isolation.

Demonstrated low amplitude and phase linearity in RF modules.

Validated module performance with quantum processor benchmarking.

Abstract

As the number of qubits in nascent quantum processing units increases, the connectorized RF (radio frequency) analog circuits used in first generation experiments become exceedingly complex. The physical size, cost and electrical failure rate all become limiting factors in the extensibility of control systems. We have developed a series of compact RF mixing boards to address this challenge by integrating I/Q quadrature mixing, IF(intermediate frequency)/LO(local oscillator)/RF power level adjustments, and DC (direct current) bias fine tuning on a 40 mm $\times $ 80 mm 4-layer PCB (printed circuit board) board with EMI (electromagnetic interference) shielding. The RF mixing module is designed to work with RF and LO frequencies between 2.5 and 8.5 GHz. The typical image rejection and adjacent channel isolation are measured to be $\sim$27 dBc and $\sim$50 dB. By scanning the drive phase in a loopback test, the module short-term amplitude and phase linearity are typically measured to be 5$\times$10$^{-4}$ (V$_{\mathrm{pp}}$/V$_{\mathrm{mean}}$) and 1$\times$10$^{-3}$ radian (pk-pk). The operation of RF mixing board was validated by integrating it into the room temperature control system of a superconducting quantum processor and executing randomized benchmarking characterization of single and two qubit gates. We measured a single-qubit process infidelity of $9.3(3) \times 10^{-4}$ and a two-qubit process infidelity of $2.7(1) \times 10^{-2}$.