Ultrahigh-fidelity composite rotational quantum gates

TL;DR

This paper introduces advanced composite pulse sequences for quantum gates that significantly improve fidelity and speed, enabling more reliable and faster quantum information processing.

Contribution

It presents new composite pulse sequences for quantum gates that compensate higher-order errors and outperform existing sequences in speed and accuracy.

Findings

Sequences compensate up to eight orders of errors

Derived sequences outperform existing ones in speed and fidelity

Shorter, analytically derived sequences improve quantum gate performance

Abstract

Composite pulse sequences, which produce arbitrary pre-defined rotations of a qubit on the Bloch sphere, are presented. The composite sequences contain up to 17 pulses and can compensate up to eight orders of experimental errors in the pulse amplitude and the pulse duration. Composite sequences for three basic quantum gates -- X (NOT), Hadamard and arbitrary rotation -- are derived. Three classes of composite sequences are presented -- one symmetric and two asymmetric. They contain as their lowest members two well-known composite sequences -- the three-pulse symmetric SCROFULOUS pulse and the four-pulse asymmetric BB1 pulse, which compensate first and second-order errors, respectively. The shorter sequences are derived analytically, and the longer ones numerically (instead by nesting and concatenation, as mostly done hitherto). Consequently, the composite sequences derived here match or outperform the existing ones in terms of either speed or accuracy, or both. For example, we derive a second-order composite sequence, which is faster (by about 13\%) than the famous BB1 sequence. For higher-order sequences the speed-up becomes much more pronounced. This is important for quantum information processing as the sequences derived here provide more options for finding the sweet spot between ultrahigh fidelity and high speed.