Reducing the $H_0$ Tension with Exponential Acoustic Dark Energy

TL;DR

This paper introduces the exponential Acoustic Dark Energy (eADE) model, a novel approach with an exponential equation of state, aiming to resolve the Hubble tension by fitting current cosmological data and analyzing its effects on CMB and matter spectra.

Contribution

The paper presents the first exploration of an exponential form for the dark energy equation of state and demonstrates its potential to alleviate the Hubble tension.

Findings

eADE model fits current data with H0 ≈ 70.06 km/s/Mpc

eADE impacts CMB and matter power spectra

eADE provides a smaller H0 than ΛCDM, easing the tension

Abstract

The Hubble tension arises from different observations between the late-time and early Universe. We explore a new model with dark fluid, called the exponential Acoustic Dark Energy (eADE) model, to relieve the Hubble tension. The eADE model gives an exponential form of the equation of state (EoS) in the acoustic dark energy, which is the first time to explore an exponential form for the EoS. In this model, the gravitational effects from the acoustic oscillations of the model can impact the CMB phenomena at the matter radiation equally epoch. We give the constraints of the eADE model by the current cosmological dataset. The comparison of the phenomena with the standard model can be shown through CMB and matter power spectra. The fitting results of our model have $H_0 = 70.06^{+1.13}_{-1.09}$ in 95$\%$ C.L. and a smaller best-fit value than $\Lambda$CDM.