Nonuniform 3D finite difference elastic wave simulation on staggered grids

TL;DR

This paper introduces a cost-effective 3D elastic wave simulation method using nonuniform finite difference discretization on layered staggered grids, ensuring stability and energy conservation.

Contribution

The paper develops a novel nonuniform finite difference scheme with stability and energy conservation for 3D elastic wave simulation on layered staggered grids.

Findings

Significant reduction in simulation cost compared to uniform grids.

Stable and energy-conserving discretization achieved.

Numerical examples validate the method's effectiveness.

Abstract

We present an approach to simulate the 3D isotropic elastic wave propagation using nonuniform finite difference discretization on staggered grids. Specifically, we consider simulation domains composed of layers of uniform grids with different grid spacings, separated by nonconforming interfaces. We demonstrate that this layer-wise finite difference discretization has the potential to significantly reduce the simulation cost, compared to its fully uniform counterpart. Stability of such a discretization is achieved by using specially designed difference operators, which are variants of the standard difference operators with adaptations near boundaries or interfaces, and penalty terms, which are appended to the discretized wave system to weakly impose boundary or interface conditions. Combined with specially designed interpolation operators, the discretized wave system is shown to preserve the energy conserving property of the continuous elastic wave equation, and $\textit{a fortiori}$ ensure the stability of the simulation. Numerical examples are presented to demonstrate the efficacy of the proposed simulation approach.