Waveguide Components and Aperture Antennas With Frequency- and Time-Domain Selectivity Properties

TL;DR

This paper introduces waveguide components capable of distinguishing signals based on pulsewidth and frequency, enhancing microwave system selectivity and noise immunity through innovative filtering structures.

Contribution

It extends electromagnetic filtering approaches to include time-domain selectivity in waveguide modules, enabling waveform discrimination at the same frequency.

Findings

Design of a waveguide filter distinguishing pulsed waves by pulsewidth

Implementation of a frequency- and time-selective radiating element

Potential for microwave systems with improved noise and interference rejection

Abstract

Filtering modules are essential devices of modern microwave systems given their capability to improve the signal-to-noise ratio of the received signal or to eliminate the unwanted interferences. For discriminating between different components, a filter exhibits a frequency-selective response that, however, is not able to distinguish between different signals whose spectrum falls within the passband of the filter itself. In this regard, some electromagnetic structures exhibiting, at the same frequency, different responses depending on the waveform of the incoming waves have been recently proposed. In this communication, we extend the aforementioned approach to the case of a standard waveguide filtering module. In particular, by loading a bandpass filtering iris with a proper lumped-element circuit, we design a waveguide component able to distinguish between different pulsed waves, even at the same frequency, depending on their pulsewidth. Moreover, by using this filter for capping an open-ended rectangular waveguide, a radiating element with both frequency- and time-domain selectivity properties is presented. The structures discussed in this communication may pave the way to a new class of microwave systems that, being both frequency selective and time selective, are less sensitive to noise and interferences.