Sensor-assisted fault mitigation in quantum computation

TL;DR

This paper introduces a sensor-assisted method for fault mitigation in quantum computing, using co-located sensors to detect environmental disturbances and improve error correction effectiveness.

Contribution

It develops a novel approach integrating sensors with quantum error correction, demonstrating enhanced fault tolerance and correction rates in specific quantum codes.

Findings

Sensor-assisted error detection improves correction rates.

Co-located sensors increase correctable calculation attempts.

Method reduces the impact of environmental disturbances on quantum computations.

Abstract

We propose a method to assist fault mitigation in quantum computation through the use of sensors co-located near physical qubits. Specifically, we consider using transition edge sensors co-located on silicon substrates hosting superconducting qubits to monitor for energy injection from ionizing radiation, which has been demonstrated to increase decoherence in transmon qubits. We generalize from these two physical device concepts and explore the potential advantages of co-located sensors to assist fault mitigation in quantum computation. In the simplest scheme, co-located sensors beneficially assist rejection of calculations potentially affected by environmental disturbances. Investigating the potential computational advantage further required development of an extension to the standard formulation of quantum error correction. In a specific case of the standard three-qubit, bit-flip quantum error correction code, we show that given a 20% overall error probability per qubit, approximately 90% of repeated calculation attempts are correctable. However, when sensor-detectable errors account for 45% of overall error probability, the use of co-located sensors uniquely associated with independent qubits boosts the fraction of correct final-state calculations to 96%, at the cost of rejecting 7% of repeated calculation attempts.