Design and Comparative Analysis of a Two-Stage Ultra-Low-Power Subthreshold Operational Amplifier in 180nm, 90nm, and 45nm technology

TL;DR

This paper presents a low-power two-stage operational amplifier designed for biomedical applications, with a comparative analysis across 180nm, 90nm, and 45nm CMOS technologies, highlighting its performance and power efficiency.

Contribution

It introduces a novel ultra-low-power operational amplifier design and compares its performance across multiple CMOS technology nodes.

Findings

Maximum gain of 75 dB achieved

Power dissipation as low as 140nW

Suitable for biomedical low-power applications

Abstract

In this paper, a two-stage ultra-low-power operational amplifier is designed, and a comparative analysis of the proposed subthreshold complementary amplifier is presented between 180nm, 90nm, and 45nm CMOS technology. The proposed operational amplifier is compared across several different parameters to determine the optimal design. It achieves a maximum gain of around 75 dB and a phase margin of 76{\deg}, dissipating just 140nW with a supply voltage of 0.5 V which is well suited for biomedical applications that require low power and high gain. The proposed operational amplifier has been designed using a SPICE-based circuit simulator.