5G New Radio Unlicensed: Challenges and Evaluation

TL;DR

This paper reviews the design of 5G NR Unlicensed (NR-U), discusses coexistence challenges with Wi-Fi, and uses simulations to compare performance, showing NR-U often outperforms Wi-Fi and LTE-LAA.

Contribution

It provides an overview of 5G NR-U design elements, analyzes coexistence issues, and evaluates performance through simulations, highlighting NR-U's advantages over LTE-LAA.

Findings

NR-U achieves higher throughput than Wi-Fi 802.11ac

NR-U exhibits lower delay compared to Wi-Fi

NR-U shows improved spectrum utilization over LTE-LAA

Abstract

To meet the high demand for mobile data, the Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) established a set of standards known as 5G New Radio (5G NR). The architecture of 5G NR includes a flexible radio access network and a core network. 3GPP has also been working on a new radio access technology, called 5G NR Unlicensed (5G NR-U), which aims at extending 5G NR to unlicensed bands. In this paper, we give an overview of the most recent 5G NR-U design elements and discuss potential concerns, including fair coexistence with other unlicensed technologies such as Wi-Fi. We use simulations to study coexistence between Wi-Fi and 5G NR-U systems. Our evaluation indicates that NR-U often achieves higher throughput and lower delay than Wi-Fi (802.11ac). The two systems experience different buffer occupancies and spectrum utilization statistics. We also discuss the improvements that NR-U offers over LTE Licensed Assisted Access (LTE-LAA).